Hydrogen Sulfide Modulates Salinity Stress in Common Bean Plants by Maintaining Osmolytes and Regulating Nitric Oxide Levels and Antioxidant Enzyme Expression

Abstract The purpose of the present study is to investigate role hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S), in improving resistance common bean salt stress. Method shows that seeds were soaked water and two concentrations sodium hydrosulfide (50 100 µM) for 8 h. After 25 days from sowing, pots irrigated with NaCl (75 150 mM) until end experiment. Results revealed H S relieved stress by decreasing growth inhibition photosynthetic characteristics, increasing osmolyte contents (proline glycine betaine). Furthermore, reduced oxidative damage lowering lipid peroxidation, electrolyte leakage, reactive oxygen species production such as peroxide, hydroxyl radicals, superoxide anion non-enzymatic antioxidants ascorbic acid glutathione, well enzymatic dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POX), ascorbate (APX), glutathione reductase (GR), nitrate (NR). Meanwhile, application increased endogenous level S, which was accompanied an increase nitric oxide concentration. particular, maintained (Na + ) potassium (K homeostasis presence excess NaCl. In general, effectively plants relative expression levels copper-zinc ( Cu-ZnSOD ), CAT , S-transferase GST ). Applying could protect them salinity maintaining Na /K balance, boosting levels, preventing antioxidant activity.